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Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 2005, p. 9936-9948, Vol. 25, No. 22
0270-7306/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.25.22.9936-9948.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The DnaJ-Related Factor Mrj Interacts with Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells c3 and Mediates Transcriptional Repression through Class II Histone Deacetylase Recruitment{dagger}

Yan-Shan Dai,1 Jian Xu,1,2 and Jeffery D. Molkentin1*

Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039,1 Department of Pharmacology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio2

Received 28 June 2005/ Accepted 25 August 2005

The calcium-regulated protein phosphatase calcineurin (PP2B) functions as a regulator of gene expression in diverse tissues through the dephosphorylation and activation of a family of transcription factors known as nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). Here we show that NFATc3, in addition to being calcium responsive, is regulated through an indirect recruitment of class II histone deacetylases (HDACs). Specifically, yeast two-hybrid screening with the rel homology domain of NFATc3 identified the chaperone mammalian relative of DnaJ (Mrj) as a specific interacting factor. Mrj and NFATc3 were shown to directly associate with one another in mammalian cells and in vitro. Mrj served as a potent inhibitor of NFAT transcriptional activity within the nucleus through a mechanism involving histone deacetylase recruitment in conjunction with heat shock stimulation. Indeed, Mrj was determined to interact with class II histone deacetylases, each of which translocated to the nucleus following heat shock stimulation. Mrj also decreased NFATc3 occupancy of the tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} promoter in cardiomyocytes in an HDAC-dependent manner, and Mrj blocked calcineurin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophic growth. Conversely, small-interfering-RNA-mediated reduction of Mrj augmented NFAT transcriptional activity and spontaneously induced cardiac myocyte growth. Collectively, our results define a novel response pathway whereby NFATc3 is negatively regulated by class II histone deacetylases through the DnaJ (heat shock protein-40) superfamily member Mrj.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC7020, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039. Phone: (513) 636-3557. Fax: (513) 636-5958. E-mail: Jeff.Molkentin{at}cchmc.org.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://mcb.asm.org/.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, November 2005, p. 9936-9948, Vol. 25, No. 22
0022-538X/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.25.22.9936-9948.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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