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Acetylation of Mouse p53 at Lysine 317 Negatively Regulates p53 Apoptotic Activities after DNA Damage

Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0322,¹ Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892,² Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973³

Received 11 January 2006/ Returned for modification 7 February 2006/ Accepted 3 July 2006

Posttranslational modifications of p53, including phosphorylation and acetylation, play important roles in regulating p53 stability and activity. Mouse p53 is acetylated at lysine 317 by PCAF and at multiple lysine residues at the extreme carboxyl terminus by CBP/p300 in response to genotoxic and some nongenotoxic stresses. To determine the physiological roles of p53 acetylation at lysine 317, we introduced a Lys317-to-Arg (K317R) missense mutation into the endogenous p53 gene of mice. p53 protein accumulates to normal levels in p53^K317R mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and thymocytes after DNA damage. While p53-dependent gene expression is largely normal in p53^K317R MEFs after various types of DNA damage, increased p53-dependent apoptosis was observed in p53^K317R thymocytes, epithelial cells from the small intestine, and cells from the retina after ionizing radiation (IR) as well as in E1A/Ras-expressing MEFs after doxorubicin treatment. Consistent with these findings, p53-dependent expression of several proapoptotic genes was significantly increased in p53^K317R thymocytes after IR. These findings demonstrate that acetylation at lysine 317 negatively regulates p53 apoptotic activities after DNA damage.

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