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Molecular and Cellular Biology, March 2007, p. 2398-2410, Vol. 27, No. 6
0270-7306/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.01509-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanism of Histone H1-Stimulated Glucocorticoid Receptor DNA Binding In Vivo{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Sergey Belikov, Carolina Åstrand, and Örjan Wrange*

Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden

Received 14 August 2006/ Returned for modification 23 October 2006/ Accepted 20 December 2006

Xenopus oocytes lack somatic linker histone H1 but contain an oocyte-specific variant, B4. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) inducible mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter was reconstituted in Xenopus oocytes to address the effects of histone H1. The expression of Xenopus H1A (H1) via cytoplasmic mRNA injection resulted in H1 incorporation into in vivo assembled chromatin based on (i) the appearance of a chromatosome stop, (ii) the increased nucleosome repeat length (NRL), and (iii) H1-DNA binding assayed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). The H1 effect on the NRL was saturable and hence represents H1-binding to a specific site. A subsaturating level of H1 enhanced the hormone-dependent binding of GR to the glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) and the hormone-dependent MMTV transcription while it reduced the access to DNA as revealed by micrococcal nuclease (MNase) analysis. These H1 effects were lost at higher levels of H1. ChIP and MNase analysis revealed a hormone-dependent dissociation of H1 from the activated chromatin domain. The proposed mechanism of H1-induced GR binding is based on two effects: (i) a GR-induced asymmetric distribution of H1 in favor of inactive chromatin and (ii) an H1-induced reduction in DNA access. These effects results in increased concentration of free GR and, hence, in increased GR-GRE binding.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Medical Nobel Institute, Box 285 Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Phone: 46 8 5248 7373. Fax: 46 8 313529. E-mail: orjan.wrange{at}ki.se.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 8 January 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://mcb.asm.org/.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, March 2007, p. 2398-2410, Vol. 27, No. 6
0270-7306/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.01509-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Belikov, S., Astrand, C., Wrange, O. (2009). FoxA1 Binding Directs Chromatin Structure and the Functional Response of a Glucocorticoid Receptor-Regulated Promoter. Mol. Cell. Biol. 29: 5413-5425 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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