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 Previous Article

Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2008, p. 4642-4652, Vol. 28, No. 14
0270-7306/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.01612-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Rhythmic E-Box Binding by CLK-CYC Controls Daily Cycles in per and tim Transcription and Chromatin Modifications{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Pete Taylor1,2 and Paul E. Hardin1*

Center for Research on Biological Clocks, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845,1 Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 772042

Received 31 August 2007/ Returned for modification 29 October 2007/ Accepted 5 May 2008

The Drosophila melanogaster circadian oscillator comprises interlocked per/tim and Clk transcriptional feedback loops. In the per/tim loop, CLK-CYC-dependent transcriptional activation is rhythmically repressed by PER or PER-TIM to control circadian gene expression that peaks around dusk. Here we show that rhythmic transcription of per and tim involves time-of-day-specific binding of CLK-CYC and associated cycles in chromatin modifications. Activation of per and tim transcription occurs in concert with CLK-CYC binding to upstream and/or intronic E-boxes, acetylation of histone H3-K9, and trimethylation of histone H3-K4. These events are associated with RNA polymerase II (Pol II) binding to the tim promoter and transcriptional elongation by Pol II that is constitutively bound to the per promoter. Repression of per and tim transcription is associated with PER-dependent reversal of these events. Rhythms in H3-K9 acetylation and H3-K4 trimethylation are also associated with CLOCK-BMAL1-dependent transcription in mammals, indicating that the mechanism that controls rhythmic transcription is a conserved feature of the circadian clock even though feedback repression is mediated by different proteins.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Research on Biological Clocks, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, BSBW 308, 3258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77845-3258. Phone: (979) 458-4478. Fax: (979) 843-2891. E-mail: phardin{at}mail.bio.tamu.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 12 May 2008.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://mcb.asm.org/.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2008, p. 4642-4652, Vol. 28, No. 14
0270-7306/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.01612-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Hung, H.-C., Maurer, C., Zorn, D., Chang, W.-L., Weber, F. (2009). Sequential and Compartment-specific Phosphorylation Controls the Life Cycle of the Circadian CLOCK Protein. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 23734-23742 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hung, H.-C., Kay, S. A., Weber, F. (2009). HSP90, a Capacitor of Behavioral Variation. J Biol Rhythms 24: 183-192 [Abstract]  
  • Yu, W., Zheng, H., Price, J. L., Hardin, P. E. (2009). DOUBLETIME Plays a Noncatalytic Role To Mediate CLOCK Phosphorylation and Repress CLOCK-Dependent Transcription within the Drosophila Circadian Clock. Mol. Cell. Biol. 29: 1452-1458 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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