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Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 2008, p. 5543-5554, Vol. 28, No. 17
0270-7306/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.00416-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Remodeling Yeast Gene Transcription by Activating the Ty1 Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposon under Severe Adenine Deficiency{triangledown}

Géraldine Servant, Carole Pennetier,{dagger} and Pascale Lesage*

Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, CNRS, UPR 9073, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France

Received 12 March 2008/ Returned for modification 8 May 2008/ Accepted 20 June 2008

The Ty1 long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful model to understand the activation of transposable elements by stress and their impact on genome expression. We previously discovered that Ty1 transcription is activated under conditions of severe adenine starvation. The mechanism of activation is independent of the Bas1 transcriptional activator of the de novo AMP biosynthesis pathway and probably involves chromatin remodeling at the Ty1 promoter. Here, we show that the 5' LTR has a weak transcriptional activity and is sufficient for the activation by severe adenine starvation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Ty1 insertions that bring Ty1 promoter sequences into the vicinity of a reporter gene confer adenine starvation regulation on it. We provide evidence that similar coactivation of genes adjacent to Ty1 sequences occurs naturally in the yeast genome, indicating that Ty1 insertions can mediate transcriptional control of yeast gene expression under conditions of severe adenine starvation. Finally, the transcription pattern of genes adjacent to Ty1 insertions suggests that severe adenine starvation facilitates the initiation of transcription at alternative sites, partly located in the 5' LTR. We propose that Ty1-driven transcription of coding and noncoding sequences could regulate yeast gene expression in response to stress.

* Corresponding author. Present address: CNRS UMR 7151, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 Avenue C, Vellefaux F-75475, Paris Cedex 10, France. Phone: 33 1 58 41 51 25. Fax: 33 1 58 41 50 20. E-mail: pascale.lesage{at}univ-paris-diderot.fr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 30 June 2008.

{dagger} Present address: UMR 144 CNRS, Department of Cell Biology, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 2008, p. 5543-5554, Vol. 28, No. 17
0270-7306/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/MCB.00416-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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