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Mol Cell Biol. 1988 September; 8(9): 3676-3682

Promoter sequences required for transcription of Xenopus laevis histone genes in injected frog oocyte nuclei.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston 77030.

ABSTRACT

Amphibian oogenesis is accompanied by the accumulation of histone mRNA and proteins in the absence of ongoing DNA replication. To begin an analysis of the mechanisms by which histone gene expression is regulated during frog oogenesis and embryogenesis, we used oocyte injection to examine the upstream sequences required for transcription of genes encoding each of the five histone classes. We found that sequences necessary for maximal levels of transcription are located 100 to 200 base pairs upstream of the corresponding start sites. In this region, each promoter examined contains conserved sequence elements, several of which seem to be histone gene class specific, in addition to other, more common sequence elements believed to be used by general transcription factors.