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Mol. Cell. Biol., Aug 1995, 3989-3997, Vol 15, No. 8
ML Phelan, I Rambaldi and MS Featherstone
Homeoprotein products of the Hox/HOM gene family pattern the animal embryo
through the transcriptional regulation of target genes. We have previously
shown that the labial group protein HOXA-1 has intrinsically weak
DNA-binding activity due to residues in the N-terminal arm of its
homeodomain (M. L. Phelan, R. Sadoul, and M. S. Featherstone, Mol. Cell.
Biol. 14:5066-5075, 1994). This observation, among others, suggests that
HOX and HOM proteins require cofactors for stable interactions with DNA. We
have demonstrated that a putative HOX cofactor, PBX1A, participates in
cooperative DNA binding with HOXA-1 and the Deformed group protein HOXD-4.
Three Abdominal-B class HOX proteins failed to cooperate with PBX1A. We
mapped the interacting domain of HOXD-4 to the YPWMK pentapeptide motif, a
conserved sequence found N terminal to the homeodomain of HOXA-1 and many
other homeoproteins but absent from the Abdominal-B class. The naturally
occurring fusion of the transcriptional activation domain of E2A with PBX1
creates an oncoprotein implicated in human pre-B-cell leukemias (M. P.
Kamps, C. Murre, X.-H. Sun, and D. Baltimore, Cell 60:547-555, 1990; J.
Nourse, J. D. Mellentin, N. Galili, J. Wilkinson, E. Starbridge, S. D.
Smith, and M. L. Cleary, Cell 60:535-545, 1990). A pentapeptide mutation
that abolished cooperative interaction with PBX1A in vitro also abrogated
synergistic transcriptional activation with the E2A/PBX oncoprotein. The
direct contact of PBX family members by the HOX pentapeptide is likely to
play an important role in developmental and oncogenic processes.
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology
Cooperative interactions between HOX and PBX proteins mediated by a conserved peptide motif
McGill Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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