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Mol. Cell. Biol., Jan 1996, 328-337, Vol 16, No. 1
S Sinha, IS Kim, KY Sohn, B de Crombrugghe and SN Maity
The mammalian CCAAT-binding factor CBF (also called NF-Y or CP1) consists
of three subunits, CBF-A, CBF-B, and CBF-C, all of which are required for
DNA binding and present in the CBF-DNA complex. In this study we first
established the stoichiometries of the CBF subunits, both in the CBF
molecule and in the CBF-DNA complex, and showed that one molecule of each
subunit is present in the complex. To begin to understand the interactions
between the CBF subunits and DNA, we performed a mutational analysis of the
CBF-A subunit. This analysis identified three classes of mutations in the
segment of CBF-A that is conserved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammals.
Analysis of the first class of mutants revealed that a major part of the
conserved segment was essential for interactions with CBF-C to form a
heterodimeric CBF-A/CBF-C complex. The second class of mutants identified a
segment of CBF-A that is necessary for interactions between the CBF-A/CBF-C
heterodimer and CBF-B to form a CBF heterotrimer. The third class defined a
domain of CBF-A involved in binding the CBF heterotrimer to DNA. The second
and third classes of mutants acted as dominant negative mutants inhibiting
the formation of a complex between the wild-type CBF subunits and DNA. The
segment of CBF-A necessary for DNA binding showed sequence homology to a
segment of CBF-C. Interestingly, these sequences in CBF-A and CBF-C were
also homologous to the sequences in the histone-fold motifs of histones H2B
and H2A, respectively, and to the archaebacterial histone-like protein
HMf-2. We discuss the functional domains of CBF-A and the properties of CBF
in light of these sequence homologies and propose that an ancient
histone-like motif in two CBF subunits controls the formation of a
heterodimer between these subunits and the assembly of a sequence- specific
DNA-protein complex.
Copyright © 1996, American Society for Microbiology
Three classes of mutations in the A subunit of the CCAAT-binding factor CBF delineate functional domains involved in the three-step assembly of the CBF-DNA complex
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
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