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Mol. Cell. Biol., 11 1997, 6330-6338, Vol 17, No. 11
J Bian and Y Sun
p53, a tumor suppressor and a transcription factor, has been shown to
transcriptionally activate the expression of a number of important genes
involved in the regulation of cell growth, DNA damage, angiogenesis, and
apoptosis. In a computer search for other potential p53 target genes, we
identified a perfect p53 binding site in the promoter of the human type IV
collagenase (also called 72-kDa gelatinase or matrix metalloproteinase 2
[MMP-2]) gene. This p53 binding site was found to specifically bind to p53
protein in a gel shift assay. Transcription assays with luciferase
reporters driven by the promoter or enhancer of the type IV collagenase
gene revealed that (i) activation of the promoter activity is p53 binding
site dependent in p53-positive cells but not in p53-negative cells and (ii)
wild-type p53, but not p53 mutants commonly found in human cancers,
transactivates luciferase expression driven by the type IV collagenase
promoter as well as by a p53 site-containing enhancer element in the
promoter. Significantly, expression of the endogenous type IV collagenase
is also under the control of p53. Treatment of U2-OS cells, a wild-type
p53-containing osteogenic sarcoma line, with a common p53 inducer,
etoposide, induced p53 DNA binding and transactivation activities in a
time-dependent manner. Induction of type IV collagenase expression followed
the p53 activation pattern. No induction of type IV collagenase expression
can be detected under the same experimental conditions in p53-negative
Saos-2 cells. All these in vitro and in vivo assays strongly suggest that
the type IV collagenase gene is a p53 target gene and that its expression
is subject to p53 regulation. Our finding links p53 to a member of the MMP
genes, a family of genes implicated in trophoblast implantation, wound
healing, angiogenesis, arthritis, and tumor cell invasion. p53 may regulate
these processes by upregulating expression of type IV collagenase.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
Transcriptional activation by p53 of the human type IV collagenase (gelatinase A or matrix metalloproteinase 2) promoter
Department of Molecular Biology, Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.
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