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Mol. Cell. Biol., 03 1997, 1236-1243, Vol 17, No. 3
CA Pise-Masison, J Dittmer, KE Clemens and JN Brady
Tax1, a potent activator of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
transcription, has been shown to modulate expression of many cellular
genes. Tax1 does not bind DNA directly but regulates transcription through
protein-protein interactions with sequence- specific transcription factors.
Using the yeast two-hybrid system to screen for proteins which interact
with Tax1, we isolated the B subunit of the CCAAT binding protein NF-Y from
a HeLa cDNA library. The interaction of Tax1 with NF-YB was specific in
that NF-YB did not interact with a variety of other transcription factors,
including human immunodeficiency virus Tat, human papillomavirus E6, and
Bicoid, or with the M7 (amino acids 29CP-AS) Tax1 mutant. However, NF-YB
did interact with the C-terminal Tax1 mutants M22 (130TL-AS) and M47
(319LL- RS). We also show that in vitro-translated NF-YB specifically bound
to a glutathione S-transferase-Tax1 fusion protein. Further, Tax1
coimmunoprecipitated with NF-Y from nuclear extracts of HTLV-1- transformed
cells, providing evidence for in vivo interaction of Tax1 and NF-YB. We
further demonstrate that Tax1 specifically activated the NF-Y-responsive
DQbeta promoter, as well as a minimal promoter which contains only the
Y-box element. In addition, mutation of the Y-box element alone abrogated
Tax1-mediated activation. Taken together, these data indicate that Tax1
interacts with NF-Y through the B subunit and that this interaction results
in activation of the major histocompatibility complex class II promoter.
Through activation of this and other NF-Y driven promoters, the Tax1-NF-Y
interaction may play a critical role in causing cellular transformation and
HTLV-1 pathogenesis.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
Physical and functional interaction between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax1 protein and the CCAAT binding protein NF- Y
Laboratory of Molecular Virology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5055, USA.
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