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Mol. Cell. Biol., 09 1997, 5097-5105, Vol 17, No. 9
LF Lee, JS Haskill, N Mukaida, K Matsushima and JP Ting
Paclitaxel (Taxol) is a novel chemotherapeutic drug that is effective
against breast and ovarian cancers. Although the primary target of
paclitaxel is microtubules, its efficacy exceeds that of conventional
microtubule-disrupting agents, suggesting that it may have additional
cellular effects. Previously, we demonstrated that paclitaxel can induce
interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene expression at the transcriptional level in
subsets of human ovarian cancer lines. In this as well as the previous
report, we present evidence that this ability is not linked to the
lipopolysaccharide pathway of IL-8 gene induction. The present study
identifies the cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors involved in
this induction by transfecting DNA constructs containing the 5'-flanking
region of the IL-8 gene linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
reporter gene into paclitaxel-responsive and nonresponsive ovarian cancer
cells (responsiveness refers to the IL-8 response). Paclitaxel only
activated the IL-8 promoter in responsive cells. The AP-1 and NF-kappaB
binding sites in the IL-8 promoter are required for activation by
paclitaxel; in contrast, a C/EBP site required for IL-8 promoter activation
in other cell types is not involved. Gel shift assays demonstrate that
paclitaxel causes a marked increase in protein binding to the NF-kappaB and
AP-1 consensus binding sequences in the paclitaxel-responsive ovarian
cells, but not the nonresponsive cells. The induction of NF-kappaB and AP-1
binding is reduced by the addition of protein kinase C inhibitors and
cyclic AMP effector, respectively. These results demonstrate a molecular
mechanism for cell-specific paclitaxel-induced IL-8 gene expression which
may have clinical relevance.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
Identification of tumor-specific paclitaxel (Taxol)-responsive regulatory elements in the interleukin-8 promoter
Department of Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7295, USA.
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