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Mol. Cell. Biol., 01 1998, 30-38, Vol 18, No. 1
DH Lee and AL Goldberg
An accumulation in cells of unfolded proteins is believed to be the common
signal triggering the induction of heat shock proteins (hsps). Accordingly,
in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, inhibition of protein breakdown at 30 degrees
C with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 caused a coordinate induction of many
heat shock proteins within 1 to 2 h. Concomitantly, MG132, at
concentrations that had little or no effect on growth rate, caused a
dramatic increase in the cells' resistance to very high temperature. The
magnitude of this effect depended on the extent and duration of the
inhibition of proteolysis. A similar induction of hsps and thermotolerance
was seen with another proteasome inhibitor, clasto-lactacystin
beta-lactone, but not with an inhibitor of vacuolar proteases.
Surprisingly, when the reversible inhibitor MG132 was removed,
thermotolerance decreased rapidly, while synthesis of hsps continued to
increase. In addition, exposure to MG132 and 37 degrees C together had
synergistic effects in promoting thermotolerance but did not increase hsp
expression beyond that seen with either stimulus alone. Although
thermotolerance did not correlate with hsp content, another
thermoprotectant trehalose accumulated upon exposure of cells to MG132, and
the cellular content of this disaccharide, unlike that of hsps, quickly
decreased upon removal of MG132. Also, MG132 and 37 degrees C had additive
effects in causing trehalose accumulation. Thus, the resistance to heat
induced by proteasome inhibitors is not just due to induction of hsps but
also requires a short-lived metabolite, probably trehalose, which
accumulates when proteolysis is reduced.
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology
Proteasome inhibitors cause induction of heat shock proteins and trehalose, which together confer thermotolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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