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Molecular and Cellular Biology, October 1998, p. 5952-5960, Vol. 18, No. 10
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Functional Activity of the Fanconi Anemia Protein
FAA Requires FAC Binding and Nuclear Localization
Dieter
Näf,1
Gary M.
Kupfer,1,2
Ahmed
Suliman,1
Kathleen
Lambert,1 and
Alan D.
D'Andrea1,2,*
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber
Cancer Institute,1 and
Department of
Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical
School,2 Boston, Massachusetts
Received 4 March 1998/Returned for modification 15 April
1998/Accepted 19 June 1998
Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized
by genomic instability, cancer susceptibility, and cellular hypersensitivity to DNA-cross-linking agents. Eight complementation groups of FA (FA-A through FA-H) have been identified. Two FA genes,
corresponding to complementation groups FA-A and FA-C, have been
cloned, but the functions of the encoded FAA and FAC proteins remain
unknown. We have recently demonstrated that FAA and FAC interact to
form a nuclear complex. In this study, we have analyzed a series of
mutant forms of the FAA protein with respect to functional activity,
FAC binding, and nuclear localization. Mutation or deletion of the
amino-terminal nuclear localization signal (NLS) of FAA results in loss
of functional activity, loss of FAC binding, and cytoplasmic retention
of FAA. Replacement of the NLS sequence with a heterologous NLS
sequence, derived from the simian virus 40 T antigen, results in
nuclear localization but does not rescue functional activity or FAC
binding. Nuclear localization of the FAA protein is therefore necessary
but not sufficient for FAA function. Mutant forms of FAA which fail to bind to FAC also fail to promote the nuclear accumulation of FAC. In
addition, wild-type FAC promotes the accumulation of wild-type FAA in
the nucleus. Our results suggest that FAA and FAC perform a concerted
function in the cell nucleus, required for the maintenance of
chromosomal stability.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of
Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: (617) 632-2112. Fax: (617) 632-2085. E-mail:
a_dandrea{at}farber.harvard.edu.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, October 1998, p. 5952-5960, Vol. 18, No. 10
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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