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Mol Cell Biol, August 1998, p. 4744-4751, Vol. 18, No. 8
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Cytoskeletal Reorganization by G Protein-Coupled Receptors Is Dependent on Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase gamma , a Rac Guanosine Exchange Factor, and Rac

Alice D. Ma,1 Ara Metjian,1 Shubha Bagrodia,2 Stephen Taylor,3 and Charles S. Abrams1 *

Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,1 and Department of Pharmacology2 and Section of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology,3 Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York

Received 29 December 1997/Returned for modification 12 February 1998/Accepted 11 May 1998

Reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is an early cellular response to a variety of extracellular signals. Dissection of pathways leading to actin rearrangement has focused largely on those initiated by growth factor receptors or integrins, although stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors also leads to cytoskeletal changes. In transfected Cos-7SH cells, activation of the chemoattractant formyl peptide receptor induces cortical actin polymerization and a decrease in the number of central actin bundles. In this report, we show that cytoskeletal reorganization can be transduced by G protein beta gamma heterodimers (Gbeta gamma ), phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma  (PI3-Kgamma ), a guanosine exchange factor (GEF) for Rac, and Rac. Expression of inactive variants of either PI3-Kgamma , the Rac GEF Vav, or Rac blocked the actin rearrangement. Neither wortmannin nor LY294002, pharmacologic inhibitors of PI3-K, could inhibit the actin rearrangement induced by a constitutively active Rac. The inhibition of cytoskeletal reorganization by the dominant negative Vav variants could be rescued by coexpression of a constitutively active form of Rac. In contrast, a Vav variant with its pleckstrin homology (PH) domain missing constitutively induced JNK activation and led to cytoskeletal reorganization, even without stimulation by PI3-Kgamma . This suggests that the PH domain of Vav controls the guanosine exchange activity of Vav, perhaps by a mechanism regulated by D3 phosphoinositides generated by PI3-K. Taken together, these findings delineate a pathway leading from activation of a G protein-coupled receptor to actin reorganization which sequentially involves Gbeta gamma , PI3-Kgamma , a Rac GEF, and Rac.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Hematology-Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania, Stellar Chance Labs no. 1005, 422 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104. Phone: (215) 898-1058. Fax: (215) 573-7400. E-mail: abramsc{at}mail.med.upenn.edu.

Mol Cell Biol, August 1998, p. 4744-4751, Vol. 18, No. 8
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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