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Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 1998, p. 5284-5290, Vol. 18, No. 9
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Requirement of Cyclin E-Cdk2 Inhibition in
p16INK4a-Mediated Growth Suppression
Hong
Jiang,1
Hubert S.
Chou,2 and
Liang
Zhu1,*
Department of Developmental and Molecular
Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
10461,1 and
Massachusetts General
Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, Massachusetts
021292
Received 18 December 1997/Returned for modification 10 February
1998/Accepted 17 June 1998
Loss-of-function mutations of p16INK4a have
been identified in a large number of human tumors. An established
biochemical function of p16 is its ability to specifically inhibit
cyclin D-dependent kinases in vitro, and this inhibition is believed to
be the cause of the p16-mediated G1 cell cycle arrest after
reintroduction of p16 into p16-deficient tumor cells. However, a mutant
of Cdk4, Cdk4N158, designed to specifically inhibit cyclin
D-dependent kinases through dominant negative interference, was unable
to arrest the cell cycle of the same cells (S. van den Heuvel and E. Harlow, Science 262:2050-2054, 1993). In this study, we determined
functional differences between p16 and Cdk4N158. We show
that p16 and Cdk4N158 inhibit the kinase activity of
cellular cyclin D1 complexes through different mechanisms. p16
dissociated cyclin D1-Cdk4 complexes with the release of bound
p27KIP1, while Cdk4N158 formed
complexes with cyclin D1 and p27. In cells induced to overexpress p16,
a higher portion of cellular p27 formed complexes with cyclin E-Cdk2,
and Cdk2-associated kinase activities were correspondingly inhibited.
Cells engineered to express moderately elevated levels of cyclin E
became resistant to p16-mediated growth suppression. These results
demonstrate that inhibition of cyclin D-dependent kinase activity may
not be sufficient to cause G1 arrest in actively
proliferating tumor cells. Inhibition of cyclin E-dependent kinases is
required in p16-mediated growth suppression.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Room U-519, Bronx, NY 10461. Phone:
(718) 430-3320. Fax: (718) 430-8975. E-mail:
lizhu{at}aecom.yu.edu.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, September 1998, p. 5284-5290, Vol. 18, No. 9
0270-7306/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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