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Molecular and Cellular Biology, April 1999, p. 2644-2649, Vol. 19, No. 4
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Inhibition of Nuclear Receptor Signalling by
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase
Takahide
Miyamoto,*
Tomoko
Kakizawa, and
Kiyoshi
Hashizume
Department of Geriatrics, Endocrinology and
Metabolism, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto
390-8621, Japan
Received 19 November 1998/Returned for modification 4 January
1999/Accepted 12 January 1999
Mammalian poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a nuclear
chromatin-associated protein with a molecular mass of 114 kDa that catalyzes the transfer of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to
nuclear proteins that are located within chromatin. We report here the
identification of a novel property of PARP as a modulator of nuclear
receptor signalling. PARP bound directly to retinoid X receptors (RXR)
and repressed ligand-dependent transcriptional activities mediated by
heterodimers of RXR and thyroid hormone receptor (TR). The interacting
surface is located in the DNA binding domain of RXR
. Gel shift
assays demonstrated that PARP bound to TR-RXR heterodimers on the
response element. Overexpression of wild-type PARP selectively blocked
nuclear receptor function in transient transfection experiments, while
enzyme-defective mutant PARP did not show significant inhibition,
suggesting that the essential role of poly(ADP-ribosyl) enzymatic
activity is in gene regulation by nuclear receptors. Furthermore, PARP
fused to the Gal4 DNA binding domain suppressed the transcriptional activity of the promoter harboring the Gal4 binding site. Thus, PARP
has transcriptional repressor activity when recruited to the promoter.
These results indicates that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a negative
cofactor in gene transcription, regulating a member of the nuclear
receptor superfamily.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan. Phone:
81-263-37-2686. Fax: 81-263-37-2710. E-mail:
miyamoto{at}hsp.md.shinshu-u.ac.jp.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, April 1999, p. 2644-2649, Vol. 19, No. 4
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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