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Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 1999, p. 5363-5372, Vol. 19, No. 8
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Purification and Identification of p68 RNA Helicase Acting as a Transcriptional Coactivator Specific for the Activation Function 1 of Human Estrogen Receptor alpha

Hideki Endoh,1,2 Kazunori Maruyama,1 Yoshikazu Masuhiro,2 Yoko Kobayashi,2 Masahide Goto,1 Hitoshi Tai,2 Junn Yanagisawa,2 Daniel Metzger,3 Seiichi Hashimoto,1 and Shigeaki Kato2,4,*

Molecular Medicine Laboratories, Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585,1 Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032,2 and CREST, Japan Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012,4 Japan, and Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, (IGBMC)/CNRS/INSERM/ULP College de France, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France3

Received 19 January 1999/Returned for modification 1 March 1999/Accepted 5 May 1999

The estrogen receptor (ER) regulates the expression of target genes in a ligand-dependent manner. The ligand-dependent activation function AF-2 of the ER is located in the ligand binding domain (LBD), while the N-terminal A/B domain (AF-1) functions in a ligand-independent manner when isolated from the LBD. AF-1 and AF-2 exhibit cell type and promoter context specificity. Furthermore, the AF-1 activity of the human ERalpha (hERalpha ) is enhanced through phosphorylation of the Ser118 residue by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). From MCF-7 cells, we purified and cloned a 68-kDa protein (p68) which interacted with the A/B domain but not with the LBD of hERalpha . Phosphorylation of hERalpha Ser118 potentiated the interaction with p68. We demonstrate that p68 enhanced the activity of AF-1 but not AF-2 and the estrogen-induced as well as the anti-estrogen-induced transcriptional activity of the full-length ERalpha in a cell-type-specific manner. However, it did not potentiate AF-1 or AF-2 of ERbeta , androgen receptor, retinoic acid receptor alpha, or mineralocorticoid receptor. We also show that the RNA helicase activity previously ascribed to p68 is dispensable for the ERalpha AF-1 coactivator activity and that p68 binds to CBP in vitro. Furthermore, the interaction region for p68 in the ERalpha A/B domain was essential for the full activity of hERalpha AF-1. Taken together, these findings show that p68 acts as a coactivator specific for the ERalpha AF-1 and strongly suggest that the interaction between p68 and the hERalpha A/B domain is regulated by MAPK-induced phosphorylation of Ser118.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan. Phone: 81-3-5841-8478. Fax: 81-3-5841-8477. E-mail: uskato{at}hongo.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.


Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 1999, p. 5363-5372, Vol. 19, No. 8
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



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