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Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 1999, p. 5363-5372, Vol. 19, No. 8
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Purification and Identification of p68 RNA Helicase
Acting as a Transcriptional Coactivator Specific for the Activation
Function 1 of Human Estrogen Receptor
Hideki
Endoh,1,2
Kazunori
Maruyama,1
Yoshikazu
Masuhiro,2
Yoko
Kobayashi,2
Masahide
Goto,1
Hitoshi
Tai,2
Junn
Yanagisawa,2
Daniel
Metzger,3
Seiichi
Hashimoto,1 and
Shigeaki
Kato2,4,*
Molecular Medicine Laboratories, Institute for Drug
Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical, Tsukuba, Ibaraki
305-8585,1 Institute for Molecular and
Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-0032,2 and CREST, Japan Science
and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012,4
Japan, and Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire
et Cellulaire, (IGBMC)/CNRS/INSERM/ULP College de France, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France3
Received 19 January 1999/Returned for modification 1 March
1999/Accepted 5 May 1999
The estrogen receptor (ER) regulates the expression of target genes
in a ligand-dependent manner. The ligand-dependent activation function
AF-2 of the ER is located in the ligand binding domain (LBD), while the
N-terminal A/B domain (AF-1) functions in a ligand-independent manner
when isolated from the LBD. AF-1 and AF-2 exhibit cell type and
promoter context specificity. Furthermore, the AF-1 activity of the
human ER
(hER
) is enhanced through phosphorylation of the
Ser118 residue by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
From MCF-7 cells, we purified and cloned a 68-kDa protein (p68) which
interacted with the A/B domain but not with the LBD of hER
.
Phosphorylation of hER
Ser118 potentiated the
interaction with p68. We demonstrate that p68 enhanced the activity of
AF-1 but not AF-2 and the estrogen-induced as well as the
anti-estrogen-induced transcriptional activity of the full-length ER
in a cell-type-specific manner. However, it did not potentiate AF-1 or
AF-2 of ER
, androgen receptor, retinoic acid receptor alpha, or
mineralocorticoid receptor. We also show that the RNA helicase activity
previously ascribed to p68 is dispensable for the ER
AF-1
coactivator activity and that p68 binds to CBP in vitro. Furthermore,
the interaction region for p68 in the ER
A/B domain was essential
for the full activity of hER
AF-1. Taken together, these findings
show that p68 acts as a coactivator specific for the ER
AF-1 and
strongly suggest that the interaction between p68 and the hER
A/B
domain is regulated by MAPK-induced phosphorylation of
Ser118.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of
Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi
1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan. Phone: 81-3-5841-8478. Fax: 81-3-5841-8477. E-mail:
uskato{at}hongo.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 1999, p. 5363-5372, Vol. 19, No. 8
0270-7306/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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