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Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2000, p. 3308-3315, Vol. 20, No. 9
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
Zac1 (Lot1), a Potential Tumor Suppressor
Gene, and the Gene for
-Sarcoglycan Are Maternally Imprinted
Genes: Identification by a Subtractive Screen of Novel Uniparental
Fibroblast Lines
Graziella
Piras,1,
Aboubaker
El Kharroubi,1
Serguei
Kozlov,1
Diana
Escalante-Alcalde,1
Lidia
Hernandez,1
Neal G.
Copeland,2
Debra J.
Gilbert,2
Nancy A.
Jenkins,2 and
Colin L.
Stewart1,*
Cancer and Developmental Biology
Laboratory1 and Mammalian Genetics
Laboratory,2 ABL-Basic Research Program,
NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Frederick,
Maryland 21702
Received 14 December 1999/Returned for modification 25 January
2000/Accepted 2 February 2000
Imprinted genes are expressed from one allele according to their
parent of origin, and many are essential to mammalian embryogenesis. Here we show that the
-sarcoglycan gene (Sgce) and
Zac1 (Lot1) are both paternally expressed
imprinted genes. They were identified in a subtractive screen for
imprinted genes using a cDNA library made from novel parthenogenetic
and wild-type fibroblast lines. Sgce is a component of the
dystrophin-sarcoglycan complex, Zac1 is a nuclear protein inducing
growth arrest and/or apoptosis, and Zac1 is a potential
tumor suppressor gene. Sgce and Zac1 are expressed predominantly from their paternal alleles in all adult mouse
tissues, except that Zac1 is biallelic in the liver and Sgce is weakly expressed from the maternal allele in the
brain. Sgce and Zac1 are broadly expressed in
embryos, with Zac1 being highly expressed in the liver
primordium, the umbilical region, and the neural tube.
Sgce, however, is strongly expressed in the allantoic
region on day 9.5 but becomes more widely expressed throughout the
embryo by day 11.5. Sgce is located at the proximal end of
mouse chromosome 6 and is a candidate gene for embryonic lethality
associated with uniparental maternal inheritance of this region.
Zac1 maps to the proximal region of chromosome 10, identifying a new imprinted locus in the mouse, homologous with human
chromosome 6q24-q25. In humans, unipaternal disomy for this region is
associated with fetal growth retardation and transient neonatal
diabetes mellitus. In addition, loss of expression of ZAC
has been described for a number of breast and ovarian carcinomas, suggesting that ZAC is a potential tumor suppressor gene.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of
Cancer and Developmental Biology, ABL-Basic Research Program,
NCI-FCRDC, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702. Phone: (301) 846-1755. Fax:
(301) 846-7117. E-mail: stewartc{at}mail.ncifcrf.gov.

Present address: Life Technologies, Rockville, MD
20849.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2000, p. 3308-3315, Vol. 20, No. 9
0270-7306/00/$04.00+0
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