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Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2001, p. 4097-4109, Vol. 21, No. 13
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.13.4097-4109.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4G-Poly(A) Binding Protein Interaction Is Required for Poly(A) Tail-Mediated Stimulation of Picornavirus Internal Ribosome Entry Segment-Driven Translation but Not for X-Mediated Stimulation of Hepatitis C Virus Translation

Yanne M. Michel, Andrew M. Borman, Sylvie Paulous, and Katherine M. Kean*

U.P. Régulation de la Traduction Eucaryote et Virale, CNRS URA 1966, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France

Received 8 November 2000/Returned for modification 20 December 2000/Accepted 4 April 2001

Efficient translation of most eukaryotic mRNAs results from synergistic cooperation between the 5' m7GpppN cap and the 3' poly(A) tail. In contrast to such mRNAs, the polyadenylated genomic RNAs of picornaviruses are not capped, and translation is initiated internally, driven by an extensive sequence termed IRES (for internal ribosome entry segment). Here we have used our recently described poly(A)-dependent rabbit reticulocyte lysate cell-free translation system to study the role of mRNA polyadenylation in IRES-driven translation. Polyadenylation significantly stimulated translation driven by representatives of each of the three types of picornaviral IRES (poliovirus, encephalomyocarditis virus, and hepatitis A virus, respectively). This did not result from a poly(A)-dependent alteration of mRNA stability in our in vitro translation system but was very sensitive to salt concentration. Disruption of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4G-poly(A) binding protein (eIF4G-PABP) interaction or cleavage of eIF4G abolished or severely reduced poly(A) tail-mediated stimulation of picornavirus IRES-driven translation. In contrast, translation driven by the flaviviral hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES was not stimulated by polyadenylation but rather by the authentic viral RNA 3' end: the highly structured X region. X region-mediated stimulation of HCV IRES activity was not affected by disruption of the eIF4G-PABP interaction. These data demonstrate that the protein-protein interactions required for synergistic cooperativity on capped and polyadenylated cellular mRNAs mediate 3'-end stimulation of picornaviral IRES activity but not HCV IRES activity. Their implications for the picornavirus infectious cycle and for the increasing number of identified cellular IRES-carrying mRNAs are discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: U.P. Régulation de la Traduction Eucaryote et Virale, CNRS URA 1966, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Phone: (33) 1-40-61-33-55. Fax: (33) 1-40-61-30-45. E-mail: kathiemb{at}pasteur.fr.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2001, p. 4097-4109, Vol. 21, No. 13
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.13.4097-4109.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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