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Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2001, p. 4829-4836, Vol. 21, No. 14
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.14.4829-4836.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Proteinuria and Perinatal Lethality in Mice Lacking
NEPH1, a Novel Protein with Homology to NEPHRIN
Dorit B.
Donoviel,1,*
Deon D.
Freed,1
Hannes
Vogel,2
David G.
Potter,3
Edith
Hawkins,2
James P.
Barrish,2
Brian N.
Mathur,3
C. Alexander
Turner,3
Robert
Geske,1
Charles A.
Montgomery,1
Michael
Starbuck,1
Mary
Brandt,1
Anupma
Gupta,1
Ramiro
Ramirez-Solis,1
Brian P.
Zambrowicz,3 and
David
R.
Powell1
Pharmaceutical
Biology1 and
Genomics,3 Lexicon Genetics, Inc., The
Woodlands, Texas 77381, and Department of Pathology, Baylor
College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
770302
Received 26 February 2001/Returned for modification 2 April
2001/Accepted 18 April 2001
A high-throughput, retrovirus-mediated mutagenesis method based on
gene trapping in embryonic stem cells was used to identify a novel
mouse gene. The human ortholog encodes a transmembrane protein
containing five extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains that is
structurally related to human NEPHRIN, a protein associated with
congenital nephrotic syndrome. Northern analysis revealed wide
expression in humans and mice, with highest expression in kidney. Based
on similarity to NEPHRIN and abundant expression in kidney, this
protein was designated NEPH1 and embryonic stem cells containing the
retroviral insertion in the Neph1 locus were used to
generate mutant mice. Analysis of kidney RNA from
Neph1
/
mice showed that the retroviral
insertion disrupted expression of Neph1 transcripts.
Neph1
/
pups were represented at the
expected normal Mendelian ratios at 1 to 3 days of age but at only 10%
of the expected frequency at 10 to 12 days after birth, suggesting an
early postnatal lethality. The Neph1
/
animals that survived beyond the first week of life were sickly and
small but without edema, and all died between 3 and 8 weeks of age.
Proteinuria ranging from 300 to 2,000 mg/dl was present in all
Neph1
/
mice. Electron microscopy
demonstrated NEPH1 expression in glomerular podocytes and revealed
effacement of podocyte foot processes in Neph1
/
mice. These findings suggest that
NEPH1, like NEPHRIN, may play an important role in maintaining the
structure of the filtration barrier that prevents proteins from freely
entering the glomerular urinary space.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of
Endocrinology, Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Genetics, Inc., 4000 Research Forest Dr., The Woodlands, TX 77381. Phone: (281) 863-3059. Fax: (281) 419-9125. E-mail: ddonoviel{at}lexgen.com.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, July 2001, p. 4829-4836, Vol. 21, No. 14
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.14.4829-4836.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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