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Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2001, p. 5471-5477, Vol. 21, No. 16
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.16.5471-5477.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Reduced Hepatic Uptake and Intestinal Excretion of Organic
Cations in Mice with a Targeted Disruption of the Organic Cation
Transporter 1 (Oct1 [Slc22a1]) Gene
Johan W.
Jonker,1
Els
Wagenaar,1
Carla A. A. M.
Mol,2
Marije
Buitelaar,1
Hermann
Koepsell,3
Johan W.
Smit,1 and
Alfred H.
Schinkel1,*
Division of Experimental
Therapy1 and Division of Molecular
Biology2, The Netherlands Cancer
Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Anatomisches
Institut, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität, 97070 Würzburg, Germany3
Received 7 February 2001/Returned for modification 16 April
2001/Accepted 23 May 2001
The polyspecific organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1 [SLC22A1])
mediates facilitated transport of small (hydrophilic) organic cations.
OCT1 is localized at the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells in
the liver, kidney, and intestine and could therefore be involved in the
elimination of endogenous amines and xenobiotics via these organs. To
investigate the pharmacologic and physiologic role of this transport
protein, we generated Oct1 knockout
(Oct1
/
) mice.
Oct1
/
mice appeared to be viable, healthy,
and fertile and displayed no obvious phenotypic abnormalities. The
role of Oct1 in the pharmacology of substrate drugs was studied by
comparing the distribution and excretion of the model substrate
tetraethylammonium (TEA) after intravenous administration to wild-type
and Oct1
/
mice. In
Oct1
/
mice, accumulation of TEA in liver
was four to sixfold lower than in wild-type mice, whereas direct
intestinal excretion of TEA was reduced about twofold. Excretion of TEA
into urine over 1 h was 53% of the dose in wild-type mice,
compared to 80% in knockout mice, probably because in
Oct1
/
mice less TEA accumulates in the
liver and thus more is available for rapid excretion by the kidney. In
addition, we found that absence of Oct1 leads to decreased liver
accumulation of the anticancer drug metaiodobenzylguanidine and the
neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridium. In conclusion, our data show that
Oct1 plays an important role in the uptake of organic cations into the
liver and in their direct excretion into the lumen of the small intestine.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of
Experimental Therapy, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan
121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-20-5122046. Fax: 31-20-5122050. E-mail: alfred{at}nki.nl.
Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2001, p. 5471-5477, Vol. 21, No. 16
0270-7306/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.16.5471-5477.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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