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Molecular and Cellular Biology, October 2004, p. 8342-8355, Vol. 24, No. 19
0270-7306/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.19.8342-8355.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Swi1 and Swi3 Are Components of a Replication Fork Protection Complex in Fission Yeast

Eishi Noguchi,1* Chiaki Noguchi,1 W. Hayes McDonald,2 John R. Yates III,2 and Paul Russell1,2*

Departments of Molecular Biology,1 Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California2

Received 5 February 2004/ Returned for modification 17 March 2004/ Accepted 29 June 2004

Swi1 is required for programmed pausing of replication forks near the mat1 locus in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This fork pausing is required to initiate a recombination event that switches mating type. Swi1 is also needed for the replication checkpoint that arrests division in response to fork arrest. How Swi1 accomplishes these tasks is unknown. Here we report that Swi1 copurifies with a 181-amino-acid protein encoded by swi3+. The Swi1-Swi3 complex is required for survival of fork arrest and for activation of the replication checkpoint kinase Cds1. Association of Swi1 and Swi3 with chromatin during DNA replication correlated with movement of the replication fork. swi1{Delta} and swi3{Delta} mutants accumulated Rad22 (Rad52 homolog) DNA repair foci during replication. These foci correlated with the Rad22-dependent appearance of Holliday junction (HJ)-like structures in cells lacking Mus81-Eme1 HJ resolvase. Rhp51 and Rhp54 homologous recombination proteins were not required for viability in swi1{Delta} or swi3{Delta} cells, indicating that the HJ-like structures arise from single-strand DNA gaps or rearranged forks instead of broken forks. We propose that Swi1 and Swi3 define a fork protection complex that coordinates leading- and lagging-strand synthesis and stabilizes stalled replication forks.

* Corresponding author. Present address for Eishi Noguchi: Department of Biochemistry, MS497, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N. 15th St., Philadelphia, PA 19102. Phone: (215) 762-4825. Fax: (215) 762-4452. E-mail: Eishi.Noguchi{at}drexel.edu. Mailing address for Paul Russell: Department of Molecular Biology, MB-3, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037. Phone: (858) 784-8273. Fax: (858) 784-2265. E-mail: prussell{at}scripps.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, October 2004, p. 8342-8355, Vol. 24, No. 19
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.19.8342-8355.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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