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Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2004, p. 3660-3669, Vol. 24, No. 9
0270-7306/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.9.3660-3669.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

A Novel Protein with Similarities to Rb Binding Protein 2 Compensates for Loss of Chk1 Function and Affects Histone Modification in Fission Yeast

Shakil Ahmed,1 Carmela Palermo,2 Shanhong Wan,2 and Nancy C. Walworth2,3*

Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School,1 Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,2 Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey3

Received 8 October 2003/ Returned for modification 5 November 2003/ Accepted 5 February 2004

The conserved protein kinase Chk1 mediates cell cycle progression and consequently the ability of cells to survive when exposed to DNA damaging agents. Cells deficient in Chk1 are hypersensitive to such agents and enter mitosis in the presence of damaged DNA, whereas checkpoint-proficient cells delay mitotic entry to permit time for DNA repair. In a search for proteins that can improve the survival of Chk1-deficient cells exposed to DNA damage, we identified fission yeast Msc1, which is homologous to a mammalian protein that binds to the tumor suppressor Rb (RBP2). Msc1 and RBP2 each possess three PHD fingers, domains commonly found in proteins that influence the structure of chromatin. Msc1 is chromatin associated and coprecipitates a histone deacetylase activity, a property that requires the PHD fingers. Cells lacking Msc1 have a dramatically altered histone acetylation pattern, exhibit a 20-fold increase in global acetylation of histone H3 tails, and are readily killed by trichostatin A, an inhibitor of histone deacetylases. We postulate that Msc1 plays an important role in regulating chromatin structure and that this function modulates the cellular response to DNA damage.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Department of Pharmacology, Room 516, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-5635. Phone: (732) 235-5661. Fax: (732) 235-4073. E-mail: walworna{at}umdnj.edu.

Molecular and Cellular Biology, May 2004, p. 3660-3669, Vol. 24, No. 9
0022-538X/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/MCB.24.9.3660-3669.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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