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Molecular and Cellular Biology, August 2005, p. 7181-7192, Vol. 25, No. 16
0270-7306/05/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/MCB.25.16.7181-7192.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Ligation Induces Macrophage Nitric Oxide Production through JAK/STAT- and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Rac1/NAPDH Oxidase/H2O2-Dependent Pathways
Henk Honing,1,
Chantal Renardel de Lavalette,1
Marion H. Brown,2
Christine D. Dijkstra,1 and
Timo K. van den Berg1*
Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands,1 Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom2
Received 19 October 2004/ Returned for modification 26 November 2004/ Accepted 3 May 2005
Signal regulatory protein
(SIRP
) is a glycoprotein receptor that recruits and signals via the tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2. In macrophages SIRP
can negatively regulate the phagocytosis of host cells and the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Here we provide evidence that SIRP
can also stimulate macrophage activities, in particular the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species. Ligation of SIRP
by antibodies or soluble CD47 triggers inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and production of NO. This was not caused by blocking negative-regulatory SIRP
-CD47 interactions. SIRP
-induced NO production was prevented by inhibition of the tyrosine kinase JAK2. JAK2 was found to associate with SIRP
in macrophages, particularly after SIRP
ligation, and SIRP
stimulation resulted in JAK2 and STAT1 tyrosine phosphorylation. Furthermore, SIRP
-induced NO production required the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by a NADPH oxidase (NOX) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)-dependent activation of Rac1, an intrinsic NOX component. Finally, SIRP
ligation promoted SHP-1 and SHP-2 recruitment, which was both JAK2 and PI3-K dependent. These findings demonstrate that SIRP
ligation induces macrophage NO production through the cooperative action of JAK/STAT and PI3-K/Rac1/NOX/H2O2 signaling pathways. Therefore, we propose that SIRP
is able to function as an activating receptor.
Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://mcb.asm.org/.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
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