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dCHD3, a Novel ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodeler Associated with Sites of Active Transcription ^,

Institut für Molekularbiologie und Tumorforschung, University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany,¹ Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Molecular Biology Department, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,² Biochemie III, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany,³ GSF-Forschungszentrum, Institut für Molekulare Immunologie, 81377 München, Germany⁴

Received 10 October 2007/ Returned for modification 26 November 2007/ Accepted 28 January 2008

ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers of the CHD family play important roles during differentiation and development. Three CHD proteins, dMi-2, dChd1, and Kismet, have been described for Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we study dCHD3, a novel member of the CHD family. dCHD3 is related in sequence to dMi-2 but lacks several domains implicated in dMi-2 function. We demonstrate that dCHD3 is a nuclear protein and that expression is tightly regulated during fly development. Recombinant dCHD3 remodels mono- and polynucleosomes in an ATP-dependent manner in vitro. Its chromodomains are critical for nucleosome binding and remodeling. Unlike dMi-2, dCHD3 exists as a monomer. Nevertheless, both proteins colocalize with RNA polymerase II to actively transcribed regions on polytene chromosomes, suggesting that both remodelers participate in the process of transcription.

Published ahead of print on 4 February 2008.

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