More articles from Minireview
MinireviewLooking Down on NF-κBThe diversified NF-κB transcription factor family has been extensively characterized in organisms ranging from flies to humans. However, homologs of NF-κB and many upstream signaling components have recently been characterized in basal phyla, including Cnidaria (sea anemones, corals, hydras, and jellyfish), Porifera (sponges), and single-celled protists, including Capsaspora...
MinireviewThe Molecular Mechanisms Regulating the KEAP1-NRF2 PathwayThe KEAP1-NRF2 pathway is the principal protective response to oxidative and electrophilic stresses. Under homeostatic conditions, KEAP1 forms part of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which tightly regulates the activity of the transcription factor NRF2 by targeting it for ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation. In response to stress, an intricate molecular mechanism facilitated by sensor cysteines within KEAP1 allows NRF2 to escape...
MinireviewWhen Long Noncoding Becomes Protein CodingRecent advancements in genetic and proteomic technologies have revealed that more of the genome encodes proteins than originally thought possible. Specifically, some putative long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been misannotated as noncoding. Numerous lncRNAs have been found to contain short open reading frames (sORFs) which have been overlooked because of their small size. Many of these sORFs encode small proteins or micropeptides with...
MinireviewTranscriptional and Epigenomic Regulation of AdipogenesisUnderstanding adipogenesis, the process of adipocyte development, may provide new ways to treat obesity and related metabolic diseases. Adipogenesis is controlled by coordinated actions of lineage-determining transcription factors and epigenomic regulators.
MinireviewRescuing Replication from Barriers: Mechanistic Insights from Single-Molecule StudiesTo prevent replication failure due to fork barriers, several mechanisms have evolved to restart arrested forks independent of the origin of replication. Our understanding of these mechanisms that underlie replication reactivation has been aided through unique dynamic perspectives offered by single-molecule techniques.
MinireviewNew Player in Endosomal Trafficking: Differential Roles of Smad Anchor for Receptor Activation (SARA) ProteinThe development and maintenance of multicellular organisms require specialized coordination between external cellular signals and the proteins receiving stimuli and regulating responses. A critical role in the proper functioning of these processes is played by endosomal trafficking, which enables the transport of proteins to targeted sites as well as their return to the plasma membrane through its essential components, the endosomes....
MinireviewSo Many Roads: the Multifaceted Regulation of Autophagy InductionAutophagy is an evolutionary conserved, degradative process from single-cell eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to higher mammals, such as humans. The regulation of autophagy has been elucidated through the combined study of yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, mice,...
- MinireviewCentromere Biology: Transcription Goes on Stage
Accurate chromosome segregation is a fundamental process in cell biology. During mitosis, chromosomes are segregated into daughter cells through interactions between centromeres and microtubules in the mitotic spindle.