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miRNA

  • MicroRNA 27a Is a Key Modulator of Cholesterol Biosynthesis
    Research Article
    MicroRNA 27a Is a Key Modulator of Cholesterol Biosynthesis

    Hypercholesterolemia is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase gene (Hmgcr) coding for the rate-limiting enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is a crucial regulator of plasma cholesterol levels. However, the posttranscriptional regulation of Hmgcr remains poorly understood. The main objective of this study was to explore the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the...

    Abrar A. Khan, Heena Agarwal, S. Santosh Reddy, Vikas Arige, Bhargavi Natarajan, Vinayak Gupta, Ananthamohan Kalyani, Manoj K. Barthwal, Nitish R. Mahapatra
  • Open Access
    MicroRNA (miRNA)-to-miRNA Regulation of Programmed Cell Death 4 (PDCD4)
    Research Article
    MicroRNA (miRNA)-to-miRNA Regulation of Programmed Cell Death 4 (PDCD4)

    The regulation of tumor suppressor genes by microRNAs (miRNAs) is often demonstrated as a one-miRNA-to-one-target relationship. However, given the large number of miRNA sites within a 3′ untranslated region (UTR), most targets likely undergo miRNA cooperation or combinatorial action. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), an important tumor suppressor, prevents neoplastic events and is commonly downregulated in cancer.

    Pamela Ajuyah, Meredith Hill, Alireza Ahadi, Jing Lu, Gyorgy Hutvagner, Nham Tran
  • Hypoxic Environment Promotes Barrier Formation in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells through Regulation of MicroRNA 320a Expression
    Research Article
    Hypoxic Environment Promotes Barrier Formation in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells through Regulation of MicroRNA 320a Expression

    Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are exposed to the low-oxygen environment present in the lumen of the gut. These hypoxic conditions on one hand are fundamental for the survival of the commensal microbiota and, on the other hand, favor the formation of a selective semipermeable barrier, allowing IECs to transport essential nutrients/water while keeping the sterile internal compartments separated from the lumen containing commensals....

    Stephanie Muenchau, Rosalie Deutsch, Ines J. de Castro, Thomas Hielscher, Nora Heber, Beate Niesler, Marina Lusic, Megan L. Stanifer, Steeve Boulant
  • Research Article | Spotlight
    Histone Citrullination Represses MicroRNA Expression, Resulting in Increased Oncogene mRNAs in Somatolactotrope Cells

    Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes convert histone arginine residues into citrulline to modulate chromatin organization and gene expression. Although PADs are expressed in anterior pituitary gland cells, their functional role and expression in pituitary adenomas are unknown.

    Stanley B. DeVore, Coleman H. Young, Guangyuan Li, Anitha Sundararajan, Thiruvarangan Ramaraj, Joann Mudge, Faye Schilkey, Aaron Muth, Paul R. Thompson, Brian D. Cherrington
  • Research Article
    A High-Fat Diet Promotes Mammary Gland Myofibroblast Differentiation through MicroRNA 140 Downregulation
    Benjamin Wolfson, Yongshu Zhang, Ramkishore Gernapudi, Nadire Duru, Yuan Yao, Pang-Kuo Lo, Qun Zhou
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